During the annual sportfishing trade show, TRCP moderated two panels to inform attendees about high-profile saltwater fisheries conservation issues
TRCP hosts a conservation summit every year at ICAST, the world’s largest sportfishing trade show, which is offered by the American Sportfishing Association. At last week’s 2024 summit in Orlando, Fla., we were once again fortunate to offer panels of industry experts and benefit from high attendance. This year, the two panels covered issues of top concern to saltwater anglers: an increase in shark depredation and the expansion of offshore wind farms. Below are highlights of each panel.
The Effects of Shark Depredation on Recreational Fisheries
Over the last several years, saltwater anglers have observed an increase in shark numbers and are reporting losing more sportfish to these predators than they had in the past. This shark depredation, which may occur prior to landing or just after release, causes damage to or total loss of targeted fish, bait, and tackle. The problem is prevalent throughout the Gulf of Mexico and Atlantic Coast, with shark species like bull and sandbar sharks, the two leading species involved in depredation, taking sportfish like snapper, grouper, tuna, and mackerel and even gamefish like tarpon and billfish.
A concern of panelists was that anglers could learn to resent sharks if depredation is not addressed.
“We went from several years of not having any issues with sharks, to increases where we have an encounter here or there, to encounters every day, to aggressive encounters,” said panelist Jeffrey Liederman, an offshore fisherman and tackle specialist in southeast Florida.
A major theme that arose with the panel was the irony that decades of highly successful shark conservation efforts have resulted in more sharks in our oceans – which is one reason for more conflict with anglers today. Other reasons may include more anglers on the water, the commercial fishing industry not meeting its harvest quotas, and learned behavior of sharks that takes advantage of various angling methods. The panel recognized the growing popularity of sharks in our society as well as fishery managers’ concerns that anglers could learn to resent them if depredation is not addressed.
“The more depredation occurs, the more anglers develop a negative attitude toward sharks,” said Vice President of Government Affairs Mike Leonard, American Sportfishing Association. “I worry that we’re creating this large block of people who should be supporting marine conservation being against sharks.”
Other panelists offering key insights into this issue were Randy Blankinship, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, and Jessica McCawley, Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission.
Because shark depredation has become one of the top concerns of both recreational and commercial fishers, earlier this year bipartisan legislation to help mitigate this potential threat to fisheries, related economies, and human safety passed in the House of Representatives by unanimous vote. The SHARKED Act (short for Supporting the Health of Aquatic systems through Research, Knowledge and Enhanced Dialogue Act), establishes requirements to address shark depredation with a focus on creating a task force made up of fisheries managers and shark experts.
Offshore Energy Development
Offshore wind farms are already becoming a part of the future of energy production in the United States, with more on the way. The federal government is ambitiously aiming to have enough offshore wind facilities in place to power 10 million homes by 2030, a target that may be unlikely but gives a clear indication that more structures are coming to America’s offshore waters.
Currently, nearly 200 offshore wind farms are planned, though only three – in Block Island Sound off Rhode Island – are currently operating. Additional farms have been approved or are expected in the Atlantic in the next decade or more. Wind lease sales also have commenced in the Gulf of Mexico and California is preparing for development as well. Besides the benefit of providing sustainable energy, the resulting wind farms could have both positive and negative impacts for anglers and coastal communities.
“I love to look at the Atlantic Ocean because there aren’t offshore structures there, but I love to fish in the Gulf because there are structures there,” said TRCP Director of Marine Fisheries Chris Macaluso.
Panelists discussed how fisheries managers need to ensure that the recreational fishing community is better engaged as wind farms are planned and built.
A theme that emerged during the panel discussion, as well as from audience comments, was that fisheries managers need to make sure that the recreational fishing community is better engaged as wind farms continue to be planned and built. Another was that we must find a balance between the need for sustainable energy and the desires of different stakeholders, including anglers, and that while offshore energy platforms often enhance fishing opportunities, much is unknown about how installing thousands of turbines could negatively affect marine habitat and fish behavior. All of these concerns were voiced by ASA Atlantic Fisheries Policy Director Mike Waine.
“The key is finding a coexistence to offshore energy and fishing,” agreed John Walter, NOAA deputy director for science and council services.
Anglers and recreational fishing, conservation, and advocacy organizations are trying to ensure that wind development does not have adverse impacts on fisheries populations, migration patterns, sensitive water-bottom habitats, and access to fishing opportunities. TRCP, ASA, and other conservation groups have been working to advance legislation called the RISEE Act (Reinvesting in America’s Shoreline Economies and Ecosystems), which would share a portion of all offshore wind royalties with hosting states.
“We’re trying to sort this out and make sure we’re doing it the right way,” said Anderson Tran, legislative counsel for Rep. Garret Graves (R-LA).
Thanks to Our Sponsors and Presenters
We want to extend our appreciation to the panelists and attendees of the 2023 summit. We also want to thank this year’s sponsors, without whom the summit wouldn’t have been possible:
- NOAA Fisheries
- Florida Fish & Wildlife Conservation Commission
- American Sportfishing Association
Banner photo credit: Trey Spearman, courtesy of the MSU Marine Fisheries Ecology Program
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